Going with the Flow: How best to apply feng shui at home

Feng shui, the ancient Chinese geomantic art of understanding the universe, is used to bring harmony and balance to a home and its residents. Geomantic principles and the practices of interior architecture and design often follow divergent paths, but ultimately, they align towards the same goal – creating a happy home brimming with an abundance of positive energy.

chinese geomancy compass general set up feng shui at home interior decorating gafencu luxury living

What is feng shui?
Literally translated as wind (feng) and water (shui), feng shui focuses on the invisible forces of the universe called qi, also known as energy. Practitioners believe that the flow of positive energy throughout a home promotes elevated moods, good health and prosperity, while an accumulated level of negative energy may have severe consequences, such as a failed business venture, bankruptcy, breakup or serious illness. According to feng shui master John Choi, who has accrued substantial knowledge of Eastern and Western preferences in modern home design, “Feng shui is more than just a superstition, it is a science and computation of how energy flows in our environment”.

feng shui at home interior decorating kitchen gafencu luxury living

How to use feng shui at home?
Firstly, determining the direction of the entrance is the most important step in enhancing feng shui in the home by turn. Then, you can focus on each room. An emphasis on rooms that you spend the most time in also greatly affects your well-being. In most cases, this is the bedroom, living room and kitchen. But take heed, as Choi says, “If the direction of the home is not accurate, the entire process and arrangement can amplify bad energy, instead of good”.

To apply feng shui at home, here are a few tips to take note of:

feng shui at home interior decorating living room gafencu luxury living

Tip 1: Start at the beginning
Starting from the the most crucial area – the living room – or in the case of larger homes, the entrance hall, the door represents the first checkpoint for qi to flow in. Keeping this area spacious and clutter-free is key. Wall consoles and cabinets that are flush to the wall are perfect for storage space and de-cluttering, allowing a vast area for energy to circulate.

Special attention should be paid to beams in your living area. Avoid placing sofas, chairs or the dining table underneath a beam, since its electromagnetic energy can cause an imbalance that may negatively impact health. This rule applies to beds too. Loose electric cables should also be kept away from furniture on which people sit or lie on.

Also Read: Feng Shui Master Thierry Show, the mystic moderniser

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Tip 2: Hang paintings that represent nature and happiness
Symbolism also plays a huge role in feng shui. Choi indicates that imagery such as family portraits, or paintings of natural landscapes like mountains and greenery, symbolise joy and support. These visuals can be hung against the wall behind the sofa or the desk in the study or home office.

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Tip 3: Keep everything balanced
A balanced layout, in the form of a square or rectangle, and symmetric proportions also allow qi to flow seamlessly throughout the space. For instance, wall consoles or cabinets of the same height placed on each side of the wall, or arranging a seating area with a sofa facing the television flanked by two armchairs, will provide a calming sense of balance and harmony between people and environment.

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Tip 4: Keep opposing elements from clashing
Moving on to the kitchen, a place used to nourish the members of the household, it is an area that can directly impact the health. Feng shui in this space is especially important if you spend a lot of time cooking and eating at home. 

If a feng shui expert has been consulted here, it would be addressed that the position of the stove (fire) should not face directly opposite or beside the sink (water). This is because the two elements will clash and create an imblanace in the room. “One way to mitigate such a clash between fire and water is to place small pebbles between the stove and the sink”, says Choi.

Also Read: Personalise your home with these custom-made furniture and bespoke home décor

feng shui at home interior kitcen induction electric cooker decorating gafencu luxury living

Tip 5: Use an electric stove in open kitchens
Especially for open kitchens positioned in an inauspicious direction of the home, the gas stove should face away from the main entrance and the living room, as the fire energy will flow out into the area, affecting the health of the entire family. Electric or induction cookers, however, are fair game. If it isn’t possible to install an electic or induction cooker, one way to reduce the impact of negative fire energy would be by placing several metal rulers around the stove area or set up a six- to eight-foot convertible screen in between the kitchen and the sitting area or main entrance.

feng shui at home interior decorating bedroom gafencu luxury living

Tip 6: Position the bed mindfully
Turning the attention to the bedroom, it is a chamber where good feng shui is important, because of it serves as the space for rest and rejuvenation.

The headboard should never be in front of the window or next to the door as the rush of qi that flows in can cause restless nights and bad dreams. But in smaller rooms, where furniture arrangement is limited, there is a simple solution: place a wall console or any décor on a bedside table next to the bed to redirect the flow of energy away from you.

bamboo plant general set up feng shui at home interior decorating gafencu luxury living

Tip 7: Use plants and mirrors to boost positive energy
Indoor plants such as bamboo and fresh flowers help boost the positive energy of the space. However, mirrors should be positioned mindfully. One common taboo among Chinese beliefs is that, although mirrors can reflect natural sunlight and positive energy around the room, it can also invite unwanted guests and spirits in when positioned towards the bed.

Lucky colours set up feng shui at home interior decorating gafencu luxury living

Tip 8: Decorate with auspicious colours 
For those new to feng shui, painting the walls in neutral earth tones, such as beige and light grey, while avoiding bold shades of red and black, will generally benefit the home’s balance and serenity. To avoid sickness, decorate with earthy and metallic shades, like green, white, silver, gold or grey.

Also Read: Seven indoor plants to improve feng shui at home

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Tip 9: Seek out a professional
As a cautionary note, arranging elements in the home without an accurate feng shui reading is like playing with fire. A seemingly auspicious item placed in the wrong direction can result in grave consequences, so consult an expert before refreshing your décor. 

2021 chinese almanac peter so feng shui at home interior decorating gafencu luxury living
An excerpt from Feng Shui Master Peter So’s 2021 Chinese Almanac

General Setup for the year 2021 
According to celebrated feng shui master Peter So’s, 2021 Chinese Almanac, the general set up of feng shui items that will welcome improved relationships, intelligence, good health, happiness and career growth are in the south, east, west, northeast and the centre, respectively. While the north, southeast, northwest and southwest directions correspond to minor and major sicknesses, disaster and gossip.

Referring to the illustrated grid, a pink object placed in the southwest direction will prevent gossip against you, while a music box and water element, such as a glass of water, in the southeast and north direction will reduce any impact of major illnesses. Water elements in the east and centre positions can help boost the intelligence and career energy, while four potted plants in the northeast direction will bring in more joy. To boost your relationship and fortune, place musical and water elements in the south and west grids.

Also Read: How to choose the right birthstone for you

 

Courtesy to Master John, Choi Wai Hung and Peter So for their expertise.

 

Heroes of Hong Kong: Medal haulers of Tokyo Olympics 2020

Hong Kong made history at the Tokyo Olympics. A year delayed, over US$20 billion spent — nearly triple the original budget, taking place under the constant threat of cancellations in the midst of a fourth COVID-19 emergency in Tokyo, hot and muggy weather, eerily quiet stadiums – it’s an Olympic like none other in modern history. Yet, Hong Kong’s ‘insane’ run at the Games (as described by gold medalist Edgar Cheung Ka-long), has been nothing short of spectacular.

Here’s everything you need to know about the Hong Kong medalists who made us proud at the 2020 Olympic Games:

 
 1. Edgar Cheung Ka-long: The world #19 who went for gold!
Hong Kong’s Edgar Cheung celebrates his gold in the men’s individual foil during the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games Photo courtesy: Fabrice Coffrine/ AFP)

 26 July 2021.

The city’s first Olympic gold in 25 years obviously sent the home crowds into rapture. Hong Kong fencer Edgar Cheung Ka-long, the world No 19, accomplished the unbelievable feat. He beat the reigning gold medalist of the 2016 Rio Olympics — 28-year-old Daniele Garozzo from Italy by 15–11. And before this historic golden moment, he shook the world by defeating current World No 1 foil fencer – Alessio Foconi from Italy – in the table of 16 match. 

“The reaction in Hong Kong has been insane” – Cheung, in a post-match interview to the local press.

No better way to describe the frenzy which enveloped the city after Cheung’s historic breakthrough and strong attack against the Italian gold medalist. The match did get close in the final rounds but not even for a moment did Cheung allow the title to slip away. His victory not only marks the first gold for the HKSAR in 25 years, after windsurfer Lee Lai-shan’s 1996 success, but also the fourth medal for the city in the history of Olympics.

The HK government is rewarding Cheung with five million Hong Kong dollars for the sporting glory. 

Photo courtesy: AFP

Like with any sports megastar, the journey to the top was a result of years of dedication, focus and hard work. His awe-inspiring journey started in fencing schools and trainings at the age of 10 – he showed incredible promise right from the beginning accumulating sporting accolades instead of Marvel collectibles like the other children his age. He was named the “Most Promising Young Athlete” for Hong Kong at the Samsung Hong Kong Sports Star Awards Ceremony in 2013, “Outstanding Junior Athlete” by the Hong Kong Sports Institute in 2014 and ultimately exploded on the fencing scene with the Asian champion crown in 2016 at the Wuxi Asian Fencing Championships at just 18-years-old – the first Hong Konger to earn that coveted spot. 

 
2. Siobhan Haughey: 23-year-old swim sensation who refused to play for Ireland
 
Hong Kong’s very own mermaid in action in the 200m freestyle event. Photo courtesy: AFP

 28 July 2021/30 July 2021.

Born to an Irish father and local mum, Hong Kong’s 23-year-old swim hero, Siobhan Haughey did the unthinkable. She secured a double medal for Hong Kong, in 100m and 200m categories, a feat which no local athlete has ever achieved before.  
 
“I hope Cheung Ka-long’s and my performances this Olympics can push fellow Hong Kong athletes competing… And also the athletes watching at home in Hong Kong – keep training, because it will be your turn soon” – Haughey in a post-match interview to the local press. 

A mermaid of sorts, Siobhan began her swim training at the age of 4 at the South China Athletic Association. Early on, her coaches recognized her natural talent and that she was “gifted in swimming” and convinced her to keep up with the training. After making waves at the local and international swimming events, Haughey fell passionately in love with the sport. 

Siobhan Haughey making history at the Games. Photo courtesy: Reuters

A regular day for the Olympic sensation would start with waking up at 3am for studies, 5am for swim practice, followed by a full day at school and then piano practice after – repeat that for six days a week. The grind ensured she achieved the highest level in piano, got excellent grades in school, cruised through a University of Michigan Psychology under-grad and smashed through several swimming accolades – 63 local and 13 Asian records, to be precise. 

Photo courtesy: Xinhua

Haughey’s coach has complete faith that the “little fish” (lovingly called by teammates), can go faster and faster. The best is yet to come, perhaps a gold in the future? 

3. Minnie Soo Wai-yam: World #30 single’s player, school dropout, Olympic medalist 
 
Photo courtesy: AFP
 
5 August 2021
 
Minnie Soo crushed Germany 3-1 in the women’s team table tennis to get a bronze for Hong Kong – it was the game of her life! Not only was this her first shot at an Olympic medal, it was the second time the city got a spot at the podium in the table tennis category. Prior to this, we won a silver in the men’s table tennis at the 2004 Athens Olympics. 
 
“The last moment, I could not figure out what had happened. I never thought I could win and beat the two Germans. I lost to them by big margins before and never won. I just wanted to play point by point, and be very committed in the matches and enjoy it. Unbelievable!” – Soo in a post-match interview to the local press. 
Daughter of Soo Chun-wah, a former player for the Hong Kong table tennis team, Soo fell in love with the sport at the little age of two! She was obsessed with the sound of ping-pong and started playing at the age of four when her height finally reached the table. Formal training began at five when coaches realised her extraordinary potential. At 10, the rising star joined the Hong Kong youth team, accolades have been pouring since then. 
 
Photo courtesy: AFP
 
2014 was a highlight year as the current sensation was ranked number one player in the world in the under-18 category for almost nine months by the International Table Tennis Federation. A bronze in the 2015 Asian Championships announced her arrival on the sporting map. Beating China’s star player, Ding Ning 3-0 at the  World Team Table Tennis Championships in 2018 was the highlight of her career.
 
Part of Hong Kong’s greatest ever Olympics, Soo has not only secured a medal for Hong Kong, she has shown tremendous mental maturity whilst doing so. 
 
4. Grace Lau Mo-sheung: Former world #4 trailblazing karateka who went for bronze
 
5 August 2021
 
This is the first and the last time karate was added as a sports category in the Olympics – the fact that Grace Lau made the most of it in her peak years makes it especially endearing. The Paris Games 2024 has already confirmed karate will not feature as an event.
 
The last two years have been especially rough for this Hong Kong Sports Institute athlete. Rigorous training sessions, stranded in the US during the Covid phase, being away from family and friends whilst mentally staying strong to focus on the Games – anyone could’ve been crushed under the pressure. But podium winners are wired differently – the road to the medals is often uncertain and arduous. 
 
Lau defeated Turkey’s Dilara Bozan 18.90 in technical performance, 8.04 in athletic performance to finish 0.42 points ahead of her Turkish opponent in women’s solo kata competition at the Tokyo Olympics. The trailblazer has over a dozen Premier League medals to her credit, the latest being a silver in Portugal in April – hopefully, she will continue to inspire little girls to follow in her footsteps and get glory for Hong Kong in sporting events around the world. 
 
5. Sarah Lee: Cyclist, bronze medal
 
8 August 2021
 
Beating Germany’s Emma Hinze, 34-year-old cyclist Sarah Lee won a bronze in women’s sprint at the Tokyo Olympics. Chief Executive Carrie Lam called her a local “legend” – this is the second-ever Olympic medal for the athlete, prior to this she won a bronze in the women’s keirin at the 2012 London Olympics.
 
 

The Arts of Survival: Hong Kong’s disappearing crafts

Hong Kong is one of the most distinctive cities in the world. Its attributes are widely loved and reported: From the dynamic landscape of East-meets-West architecture and culinary staples, the towering skyscrapers that outline the iconic Victoria Harbour, not to mention the many picturesque islands and mountains that are mere walking distance from the heaving commercial districts.

But beyond the impressive infrastructure, a rich heritage of traditional handicrafts and art forms instil depth and additional vibrancy to the city. Steeped in Chinese traditions, and the country’s own history of folk crafts, many of these decades- and centuries-old practices have been passed down through the generations.

gafencu hong kong culture The Arts of Survival Shining a light on Hong Kong’s disappearing artisanal trades and skills porcelain painting

Yet, despite being an integral part of Hong Kong’s culture and distinct aesthetic, these home-grown crafts are struggling to survive in an increasingly modernised world. From hand-carved mahjong sets to hand-painted porcelain, these artisanal practices typically require rigorous training and exceptional skills, and with only a handful of masters remaining and not enough successors to continue their legacy, there is fear that these historical, traditional arts will die out within a few years.

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Hand-painted porcelain
One such example is hand-painted porcelain and ceramics. In the early 19th century, porcelain was an important commodity for the British Empire, and the world trading port of Hong Kong set itself apart for its thriving industry of uniquely intricate and delicately patterned hand-painted china. The craft became intrinsic to the city’s artistic, cultural and historical identity.

Today, Yuet Tung China is the first and last hand-painted porcelain workshop in the city. Almost a century of history is rooted in its Kowloon Bay location, and now in the hands of third-generation scion Joseph Tso the business continues, albeit without a clear future as the old district of factory buildings upgrades to gleaming commercial premises. In its heyday, some 300 painters worked for the company; today only a handful remain.

gafencu hong kong culture The Arts of Survival Shining a light on Hong Kong’s disappearing artisanal trades and skills copper steel

Handcrafted copperware
Amidst the many kitchenware stores lining the streets of Yau Ma Tei, you may chance upon a pair of veteran coppersmiths at the 80-year-old Ping Kee Copperware shop. The city’s oldest coppersmiths is run by brothers Luk Shu-choi and Luk Keung-choi, who assumed the reins from their father after training in the family shop. Despite their advanced age, they continue to fashion copper pots and stills, fulfilling orders from local businesses for kitchenware and tea-brewing equipment.

But designing, hand-hammering and forging copperware is, to say the least, not an easy feat. Because of the years of hard work required to master its back-breaking skill and fastidious execution, this is a disappearing craft. Many among the younger generation have opted for less laborious jobs and higher-paid careers. The artisanal endeavour may soon be completely replaced by steel and copperware imported from China, as well as its more popular and durable counterpart, stainless steel.

gafencu hong kong culture The Arts of Survival Shining a light on Hong Kong’s disappearing artisanal trades and skills Birdcage

Birdcage making
Before walking dogs in strollers became commonplace in the city, bird-walking was a regular sight amongst Hong Kong pet owners. From the ’50s to the ’80s, raising songbirds was a popular hobby for elderly retirees, most of whom were men. The popularity of bird keeping came hand-in-hand with the demand for handcrafted birdcages, often of elaborate design and structure. These birdcages were meticulously crafted in a process that lasted for several months: pieces of bamboo were shaved into strips that were soaked in hot water for hours before being bent and moulded under a kerosene lamp, and finally nailed together. Painting the cages also took days to complete.

However, soon after a serious outbreak of H5N1 avian flu in 2008, bird-keeping became subject to stricter government guidelines. Consequently, the number of bird owners dwindled, and today the sight and sweet sound of songbirds chirping within these handcrafted birdcages is limited to just a few areas, particularly the 3,000sq.m Yuen Po Street Bird Garden. One of the few remaining masters of birdcage making is Chan Lok Choi, who now in his ’80s and spends most of his time repairing cages rather than crafting them.

gafencu hong kong culture The Arts of Survival Shining a light on Hong Kong’s disappearing artisanal trades and skills candy blowing

Candy blowing
The traditional Chinese handicraft of candy blowing derives from a 600-year-old Chinese folk art that was brought to Hong Kong during the ’60s and ’70s, and proved a real treat for young children at a time when toys were often considered a luxury.
The ‘candy men’ or ‘sugar people’, as these craftsmen are called, form these sugar figurines by first heating liquid suga, then blowing into it to form a ball-like shape, before kneading the balls into various guises, usually an auspicious animal or decorative symbol.

Today, the only candy man left standing resides on Cheung Chau Island. Visitors will find Louis To in a small corner shop crowded with wide-eyed children and families as he entertains with his skill and tales of the history of this traditional handicraft.

gafencu hong kong culture The Arts of Survival Shining a light on Hong Kong’s disappearing artisanal trades and skills street lights

Neon signage
A quintessential emblem of the city’s nightscape is the huge, overhanging neon signboards that illuminate the shopping districts of Kowloon. This unique and highly distinguishable visual aspect of Hong Kong has often been used to set the tone of futuristic- and cyberpunk-themed films, such as the Japanese animation Ghost in the Shell and the 2017 remake of American movie Blade Runner.

Yet despite being an integral part of the city’s cultural identity, neon signs have been disappearing rapidly from the streets in recent years. Since 2014, thousands of signs have been taken down and replaced with digital billboards or cheaper and easier-to-make LED signs due to governmental safety concerns.

Today, there are only a handful of neon street sign makers left in town, and Wu Chi-kai is one of them. He has been hand-making neon signs for more than 30 years and despite their large-scale removal across Hong Kong, he believes the craft will continue to attract supporters. The M+ museum in the West Kowloon Cultural District has also started collecting, preserving and exhibiting neon signs for public appreciation.

gafencu hong kong culture The Arts of Survival Shining a light on Hong Kong’s disappearing artisanal trades and skills ping-kee-copperware

These are just a few of the many traditional crafts that are fast disappearing in the city. Yet such skills encapsulate Hong Kong’s unique history and cultural identity, and as a result they are now attracting the attention and support of many young artisans and non-profit groups, as well as international media. Workshops held in creative hubs such as the PMQ building and charitable organisations like Crafts on Peel are pulling together a community of artisans to keep these art forms alive. The drive to preserve, revitalise and educate the public about their heritage is building momentum and providing glimmers of hope that Hong Kong’s traditional crafts may thrive once more.

Vow Wows: Asia’s most stylish traditional wedding gowns

It’s an indisputable fact that the long white dress has come to dominate the world of wedding fashion. Indeed, there are few motifs more ingrained in our collective consciousness when it comes to connubial bliss than a bride clad in a gorgeous all-white creation strolling down the aisle. Interestingly, it is to Britain’s Queen Victoria we have to look as the prime instigator of this particular trend, with the royal in question having opted for a snowy gown for her 1840 wedding to her beloved Prince Albert. This sufficed to inspire many subsequent generations to follow in her footsteps, kicking off a truly global sartorial trend.

Today, the majority of women in the West still choose to get married wearing white wedding dresses, at least if they opt for the full church experience. Their counterparts in the East, however, have a dazzling array of traditional Asian wedding dresses to choose from – be it the multicoloured lehenga of India, the gold-and-red Chinese qipao or the figure-hugging beauty of Thailand’s lush silk chut Thai phra ratcha niyom (often shortened simply to ‘chut Thai’). In fact, for the blushing bride-to-be, the world really can be her wardrobe…

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns india

India
Given the sheer scale of India’s culture, geography and history, it’s no surprise that it’s home to a truly fabulous array of garments, textiles, fabrics and colour choices. It’s small wonder, then, that when an Indian woman gets married, she is most likely stunningly swathed in a legendary lehenga, a truly gorgeous local style of gown.

First introduced to the subcontinent by the Mughals – a tribe of Muslim Central Asians who conquered the region during the 16th century – the lehenga quickly became popular among nobility of the day, while remaining the wedding gown of choice among the country’s most stylish contemporary women. Consisting of a long skirt (with or without pleats) that is fixed at the waist with drawstrings, a fitted, midriff-baring blouse (called a choli), and a flowing dupatta (scarf), elegantly draped around the shoulders, its elegance is truly undeniable.

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns indian
Red remains the favourite shade for lehenga-loving brides-to-be, no doubt because, in the Hindu tradition, the sacred colour symbolises love, strength, passion, fertility and prosperity. All three components of the costume are also typically embroidered with real gold threads, with the amount of gold used denoting the bride’s wealth and status.

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns china

China
Another nation to adopt a scarlet hue in a bid to ensure prosperity and good fortune is China, with this colour often used to mark celebratory occasions, such as the new year, sundry festivals and, of course, weddings. In the case of the latter, it is not uncommon for brides to wear several gowns over the course of the festivities, including a white dress to walk down the aisle.

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns chinese
A veritable must for many Chinese wives-to-be, of course, is the traditional qipao (also known as cheongsam in Cantonese-speaking regions) – a one- or two-piece figure-hugging garment made from fine silk, which boasts a mandarin collar with pankou knots (also known as Chinese knots or frog clasps) and comes intricately embroidered with such mythical motifs as phoenixes and dragons. Again, the amount of gold thread utilised in the design showcases the wealth of the bride’s family, with the most opulent gowns often weighing several kilos.

The traditional qipao is a form-fitting affair typically fashioned in an all-but-obligatory scarlet, usually furnished with short sleeves and a mid-thigh slit on the side. Times more contemporary, however, have unleashed a slew of updated interpretations, including sleeveless avatars, multicoloured interpretations and even mermaid silhouettes.

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns thai

Thailand
Prior to the ’60s, the Land of Smiles didn’t actually have a unified national dress. It wasn’t until Queen Sirikit – who in her time was lauded as an international fashion icon, as well as being credited with reviving the popularity of Thai silks – designed the chut Thai in 1964 that her compatriots found they had, at last, been bequeathed a truly unified national costume.

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns thailand

Today, ‘chut Thai’ is an umbrella term encompassing both formal menswear and womenswear, with each region of the country boasting its own unique styling. Bridal chut Thai, in particular, are usually two-piece outfits, extending to a top and a patterned skirt or a pleated sarong. The most traditional offering usually comes in a wrap-around design, featuring a one-shoulder cut burnished with a sabia (scarf). Sumptuous Thai silk is used from head to toe, with pastels, silvers and golds the main colours of choice. These then tend to be paired with an array of gold jewellery for that added luxurious touch.

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns japan

Japan
Most people with even a passing awareness of Japan’s unique fashion sensibility will know that the kimono is the country’s national outfit. What most may not be aware of, though, is the distinction between the different types of kimono, when they are worn and by whom. In fact, there are specific designs that are worn solely by brides on their big day. The most popular of these is undoubtedly the shiromuku kimono, an all-white garment that was originally worn at the weddings of noble samurai families.

gafencu magazine fashion culture Vow Wows Asia's most stylish traditional wedding gowns japanese
With this shade said to represent the purity of the sun’s rays, every part of the shiromuku – from the over- and under-robes to the obi sash – are all burnished in a pristine white as a symbol of cleanliness, innocence and virginity. Such items are typically worn during the traditional Japanese Shinto wedding ceremony and can be accessorised with kanzashi, beautifully intricate hair pins and sensu printed fans tucked into the obi belt.

 

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Mahjong Mania: How Mahjong conquered Hong Kong and then the world…

Mahjong, a tile-based game with its origins lost in the mists of ancient China, has become, arguably, one of the most iconic manifestations of Hong Kong culture. Indeed, any local will inevitably have found themselves caught up in this engaging pastime at some point in their lives. Whether at a family gathering, a wedding or even at a funeral, the clash and clang of mahjong tiles and the frantic exclamations of “Pong” and “Mo” are backdrops to many childhood experiences. For many younger residents, however, it has only been by association that this centuries-old game has impinged on their lives, as it has most frequently come to be regarded as solely a diversion for the more elderly.

gafencu magazine culture How Mahjong conquered Hong Kong and then the world...classic set

More recently, however, there have been signs that the generation that once spurned it is now embracing the game. At the same time, there are also indications that its appeal is spreading out well beyond Asia as it finds keen participants on a truly international basis. In fact, there are now more than 20 recognised variants of the game in different parts of the world, all of them involving slightly different rules of play and contrasting levels of difficulty.

gafencu magazine culture How Mahjong conquered Hong Kong and then the world...hand carved

Believed to have evolved in mainland China during the time of the Qing dynasty, mahjong actually had its roots in the dice and card games of the earlier Ming era. Indeed, it is actually an updated take on a classic card game known as Peng He Pai that became what we now recognise as mahjong. Before it took on its iconic tile styling, it was played in the form of a deck of cards with symbols and characters. As such cards were easily blown away by a passing gust or wildly scattered by the motion of the sea when playing aboard a boat, carving the deck onto tiles came to be seen as a more resilient means of play and one that came to dominate.

“Frantic exclamations of ‘Pong’ and ‘Mo’ are the soundtrack to many Hong Kong childhoods”

The game continued to grow in popularity across the country until 1949, when the People’s Republic of China imposed a national ban on card games and all other forms of gambling, with mahjong then vanishing from public sight until after the Cultural Revolution. It was this enforced hiatus that saw much of the history of the game forever lost. Once the game was again officially sanctioned, however, its popularity soared, with its fame being carried far and wide by Western visitors to China. In the wake of this, mahjong was introduced to the United States and its gradual move to becoming a global cultural phenomenon began.

gafencu magazine culture How Mahjong conquered Hong Kong and then the world...Agate

Today, it is a pastime enjoyed as far afield as China, Japan, the United States and even South Africa. Such is its popularity and ubiquity that it has become a bigscreen staple, taking all but starring roles in such international hits as Joy Luck Club and Crazy Rich Asians. Regardless of its growing global repute, however, mahjong remains, for Hongkongers at least, a game that inevitably unites people, while embodying the city’s cultural and societal values.

gafencu magazine culture How Mahjong conquered Hong Kong and then the world...hermes set

How to Play
Depending on your preferred version of the game, the number of players and tiles, as well as the exact rules and the form of winning hands, can vary considerably. The two constants, however, are the need for a mahjong table and a set of tiles. For the latter part, the tiles typically feature a range of characters and symbols that form what suits – bamboo, dots, characters (Simple), winds and dragons (Honours), flowers and seasons (Bonus).

The Set
Hong Kong mahjong (otherwise known as Cantonese mahjong) consists of 144 tiles traditionally hand-carved on bone or ivory, a rare skill now that most modern sets are mass produced in plastic. There are, of course, many premium, luxury sets, frequently adorned with gems and fashioned from precious metals, with both Hermès and Louis Vuitton offering intriguing variants.

The tables, too, can be found in a variety of styles. While square boards that can be placed on a flat surface remain the most popular, there are even several high-tech incarnations, one of which incorporates a robo-shuffling function.

The Gameplay
Although commonly involving four participants, the absence of a fourth doesn’t necessarily preclude playing the game In fact, Korean mahjong is often played with just three players. As for the tiles, different variations may omit or include various tiles, as is the case with American mahjong, which typically sees the addition of a ‘joker’ tile. In Cantonese mahjong, however, four players are the standard, with 144 tiles used.

At the start of each round, the tiles are ‘washed’ (shuffled) facedown, before being arranged into a wall of 36 tiles in an even stack of two rows in front of every player. Each player begins with 13 tiles in their hand, from which they then proceed to draw and discard tiles in a bid to form a winning hand.

Winning
In Cantonese mahjong, a successful hand consists of 14 tiles in any of the four winning combinations: Pong (three identical tiles), Kong (four identical tiles), Chow (three simple tiles all of the same suit in numerical sequence) or Eyes (two identical tiles). Compiling any such hand involves a mixture of skill, calculation and good fortune.
Although there are more than two dozen ways to play mahjong, with different rules and scoring systems, the objective remains the same – to create a complete hand with more points than any of your opponents.

gafencu magazine culture How Mahjong conquered Hong Kong and then the world...

MAHJONG AROUND THE WORLD

Cantonese Mahjong
Overall, Hong Kong mahjong (also known as Cantonese mahjong) remains the most popular version of the game. Viewed as faster-paced, more competitive and more challenging than other versions, it is the choice of the most skilled players and those who most enjoy the thrill of gameplay.

Chinese Classical Mahjong
Another significant iteration of the game is classical Chinese mahjong (or Chinese Official mahjong), the oldest version of mahjong. Although legitimised by an international rulebook issued by the Sports Committee of the People’s Republic of China in January 1998 as means of standardising the game in all global competitions, it is still not as commonly played in China as its Cantonese counterpart.

Western Classical Mahjong
Western classical mahjong is basically an American form of game play established in the ’20s. Featuring the most dramatic variants of any incarnation of the game, it includes the use of joker tiles and melds of five or more tiles (instead of three or four). It is this version that is favoured by American Mahjong League and has also found popularity in such US-friendly territories as the Philippines.

Sichuan and Other Mahjong
Sichuan mahjong, by contrast, is the simplest iteration of the game and acts as a good introduction for those new to the game and keen to learn the basics. It uses only 136 tiles (discarding the flower suit).

Other iterations that have significant differences are Japanese mahjong, in which the rules of declaring rīchi (ready hand) and dora (bonus tiles) are somewhat unique. Taiwanese mahjong, meanwhile, sees players hold 16 tiles per hand (instead of 13), while Korea’s iteration of the game excludes the use of the bamboo suit entirely and also relaxes its scoring system in a significantly stripped down version to the Cantonese and classical versions.

 

Read more related articles by clicking the below titles: 

Collectible mahjong sets

Lockdown Learning: New skills to pick up to expand your horizons

Seven cool new hobbies to pick up during quarantine

Going Green: Easy ways to compost food and reduce your carbon footprint this Earth Day

It’s not easy being green, though there’s not much harm in trying. For those who have yet to jump on the bandwagon of zero-waste living, food composting is a fun and easy way to recycle meal scraps and reduce waste. With food waste occupying 30% of the city’s landfills, food composting is a great micro solution to reducing carbon footprint and domestic waste. In support of Earth Day on 22 April, why not take an eco-friendly step towards green living with these five ways to compost food…

1. Traditional aerobic method:
The traditional aerobic process involves a large bin filled with leaves, newspaper and soil to break down food waste naturally through microorganisms found in the soil. It  takes the longest among other methods (six to 12 weeks) and is more suitable for large homes with outdoor space, not only to fit a large bin, but also to avoid the home reeking of last week’s dinner. 
Find a composting bin at Green Earth Society for HK$ 3,800.

2. Bokashi method:
A great option for green thumbed apartment dwellers, this Japanese method which combines a patented mix of microorganism and sawdust or rice bran inside a small airtight container — isolating oxygen from the waste to eliminate odour and decrease composting time (one to two weeks). The remains, however, need to be transferred into soil to fully break down, which could serve as a fertiliser for your plants.
Find a Bokashi starter kit at Greeners Action for HK$399.

3. Buy a small composting machine:
An effortless and time efficient solution to managing food waste at home is by owning a composting machine. They come in various sizes and is the most convenient, albeit expensive, option for any home. These innovative machines imitate the natural process of using microbes to turn food scraps into compost within 24 hours with a simple press of the button.
Check out Whirlpool Corporation’s Zera™ Food Recycler (HK$9,321) or Oklin GG02 (HK$9,400) by Oklin International.

4. Deliver to a local farm:
Instead of throwing out spoilt food and leftovers, an easy and great circular way to reduce food waste is by delivering to local farms. Simply store the waste in an air tight container and send it off to the farm where they turn organic waste into compost for fertilisers. 
For more information on collection and delivery services for food waste click here.

5. Visit your residential compost machine:
The Environment and Conservation Fund (ECF), provide large compost machines for communities in various areas of the city. Commonly installed in schools and residential areas, it serves as a great way to get the whole community involved in green living. The compost are then transported to local farms or used in school gardens as fertilisers.
You can check the ECF website on how to apply to install a composting machine within your estate or ask your property management for assistance.

 

A guide to post-Covid-19 vaccination do’s and don’ts

After more than a year long of social distancing and travel restrictions, Hongkongers can finally be more at ease now that Covid-19 vaccinations have been made accessible city-wide. However, whether you have taken your second dose or are still waiting on your first, there are certain precautions that are worth noting post-vaccination. Here are a few of the questions regarding what you can do and are advised not to do.

Do I need to wear a mask? 
Although getting vaccinated reduces the risk of virus transmission, it still takes two weeks to build up a resistance and you have to be fully vaccinated (two doses). Even then, it is not certain how much the vaccine reduces transmission. So, wearing a mask in public spaces, and continuing risk-reduction measures like washing hands regularly and social distancing in crowded spaces are still advisable.

Can I throw / attend a party? 
Gatherings among friends and family are much safer if every individual in the group has been fully vaccinated. In a recent press conference, it was announced that dine-in restrictions for groups will be relaxed if every member of the group and staff are fully vaccinated. 

Can I visit my elderly parents?
The months-long visiting restrictions imposed on visitors at elderly homes saw an unfortunate rise in mental health problems and a ‘loneliness epidemic’. Thankfully, it was recently announced that fully vaccinated persons will be able to visit their families in elderly homes and hospitals again. 

Can I visit families with children?
Although children of ages 16 and below are not advised to be vaccinated, as long as a person is fully vaccinated and are limiting gatherings to small groups, the risk of virus transmission is reduced and is generally safer.

Can I travel out of Hong Kong?
Restrictions on travel in the near future could include quarantine-free travel bubbles for fully vaccinated persons. However, as it stands in the meantime, persons arriving in Hong Kong still have to quarantine at a hotel for three weeks. 

In the case of China, travelling across the boarder will need strong reason and documentation, though taking a vaccine made in China will increase your chances of approval. 

Will I be immune to other variants of Covid-19 mutations?
A number of countries including United Kingdom, Brazil and South Africa have reported mutated strains of the Covid-19 virus which has prompted the local government to consider its next steps in procuring a new generation of vaccines that will better protect the public from Covid-19 mutations, according to Secretary for Food and Health Sophia Chan.

Lockdown Learning: New skills to pick up to expand your horizons

There’s nothing better than focusing your energy on learning a new talent to take your mind away from the Covid-ridden troubles of life in Hong Kong. Be it mastering a new language, becoming a Master of Wine or learning the fine art of flower arrangement, here are some new skills to pick up that won’t just help while away the days, but also expand your horizons.

gafencu Skills to pick up to expand your horizons flower arrangement

Flower Arrangement
Flower arrangement has long been rooted in ancient traditions. In Japan, it is an artform that brings new dimensions by enhancing the inner beauty of various blossoms. Ancient Greeks, meanwhile, fashioned flowers into garlands and wreaths to symbolise honour. Today, its popularity remains undiminished, offering enthusiasts a floral means of developing a keen eye for design, style and colour coordination.
Where to go: Hong Kong Academy of Flower Arrangement, Wan Chai
Price: From $980 per class
Contact: +852 2388 2979

gafencu Skills to pick up to expand your horizons photography

Photography
Beyond the value of documenting life events, photography is a great outlet for creative expression. Beyond helping to build technical expertise in the different functions of a camera – such as lighting, shutter speed and aperture – it also allows you to view the world from different perspectives and create a unique visual narrative through innovative compositions.
Where to go: Hong Kong Photography Workshop, Central
Price: HK$1,080
Contact: +852 9172 9101

gafencu Skills to pick up to expand your horizons wine master

Wine Tasting
It’s one thing to like wines, it’s another thing entirely to truly appreciate them — and trust us, there is a lot to appreciate. Taking wine tasting classes that teach you how to understand how different vintages look, taste, smell and grow won’t just help you expand your understanding of this vastly popular grape-derived beverage, it might also help you impress at the next dinner party you host. 
Where to go: Debra Meiburg Wine School, Aberdeen
Price: HK$2,119.8
Contact: +852 9436 8054

 gafencu Skills to pick up to expand your horizons pottery

Pottery
Pottery formed with water and clay or ceramics, one of the oldest human inventions, continue to attract attention of both art and antique aficionados across the world. It is a practice that involves control, patience, perseverance and the ability to let go of imperfections and embrace the process of creating, moulding, and transforming raw materials into sculptural vessels. It’s also a great meditative process that encourages you to slow down and enjoy the feeling of handcrafting your own artpiece.
Where to go: Pottery Workshop, Central
Price: HK$2,900
Contact: +852 2525 7949

 gafencu Skills to pick up to expand your horizons baking

Cooking & Baking
Whether you’re looking for a fun solo skill to learn or something you can participate in with loved ones, cooking is a great bonding and collaborative experience. Not only does it allow you to pick up the basic skills of food science and math, you can also partake in the delicious creations you cook up at the end of the class. It’s a fun way to explore the senses and train the palate while also learning a lesson or two in nutrition and ingredients.
Where to go: The Mixing Bowl, Sheung Wan
Price: $600 per person
Contact: +852 2524 0001

Frock of Ages: Qipao remains as a dress to impress…

One of the most iconic ethnic costumes, the qipao is an elegant Chinese dress that manages to be rooted in tradition while reflecting the modernisation and female liberation inherent in Chinese culture. After the style was briefly eclipsed by Western fashion, it is now experiencing a resurgence in popularity among young fashion aficionados, not only in Hong Kong, but all over the world.

gafencu magazine local feature The eminently elegant qipao remains a dress to impress (5)

Unlike its contemporary incarnation, the 17th-19th century take on the qipao favoured a boxy, loose-fitting banner gown made of silk, typically worn by members of nobility above loose fitting trousers or a skirt. It wasn’t until after the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911, a time when women incorporated robes that had traditionally been worn by men into their own wardrobes, that it became seen as a statement of female empowerment and freedom.

The rising popularity of the qipao in the ’20s resulted in simpler designs and understated colours, quite unlike the many vibrant and patterned qipaos worn today. There were, however, a number of classic details that remained consistent throughout that give the qipao its distinctive characteristics, most notably its Mandarin collar and front-slanted slits, which close from the neck down to the side with traditional pankou knots.

In the ’30s, the traditional gown surged in popularity, rippling out from the fashion epicentre of China, Shanghai, to the rest of the country. At the time, the most popular designs were characterised by stylish embroidery and the use of trim piping on all edges. There was also a notable Western influence, resulting in the adoption of longer dresses (instead of robes) with narrow cuffs and a move away from the trousers and skirt combinations altogether.

gafencu magazine local feature The eminently elegant qipao remains a dress to impress (4)

Overtime, the hems and the sleeves both became shorter and shorter, while bell sleeves, which barely hung over the elbows, and slits on one side of the dress became popular, creating a kind of Westernised qipao. This allowed women to move more freely as the layers were lighter and more convenient to wear during every day activities, such as working, riding a bike, driving a car or even dancing. Still, the conservative requirement to fully cover a woman’s body remained firmly in place, with the typical dress still tailored to cover the neck, décolletage and back.

The qipao style first made its way into Hong Kong in the ’60s, whereupon it became known as the cheongsam, literally meaning ‘long robe’ in Cantonese. As off-the-peg clothes were still rare at the time, cheongsams tended to be custom-tailored and hand-sewn. It was, however, a golden era for qipao / cheongsam, with the style even finding itself taking centrestage in such Hollywood blockbusters as The World of Suzie Wong and In the Mood for Love.

gafencu magazine local feature The eminently elegant qipao remains a dress to impress (3)
As Hong Kong began to evolve into Asia’s primary financial hub, every international luxury brand gravitated towards the city. Perhaps inevitable, the qipao, once an everyday fashion statement on the part of sophisticated local women, eventually faded from use in favour of Western fashions, only occasionally resurfacing for formal occasions, such as Chinese New Year, weddings, diplomatic events or beauty pageants.

“The qipao is experiencing a resurgence in popularity among fashion aficionados all over the world”

More recently, its popularity has soared, not only among young local urban fashion enthusiasts, but also around the world. Indeed, proof of its classic and timeless allure came when it featured on the runways of Dolce & Gabanna’s and Gucci’s fall collections in 2016 and 2017 respectively. It has also again found favour in Hollywood films, becoming a feature in an array of TV shows and movies, including Friends, Spider-Man, Australia and Pearl Harbour.

gafencu magazine local feature The eminently elegant qipao remains a dress to impress (2)

Of late, it even excited accusations of cultural appropriation on a number of social media platforms when a US teenager chose to wear the Chinese national dress to her prom. In 2017, in arguably a bid to enshrine its origin, the sewing techniques of the Hong Kong-style Cheongsam and Kwan Kwa Wedding Costume were listed on the first ‘Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Hong Kong, as issued by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department.

Ultimately, its reputation as a hugely elegant garment remains intact, one that is wholly in key with the idiosyncratic style and curvaceous silhouette of the fortunate client. In terms of variants, it is now frequently layered with a qipao jacket or a Chinese silk-embroidered shawl. While some might argue that not everyone can carry off the qipao / cheongsam, a skilled tailor would disagree, maintaining that it is his job to ensure that it can.

gafencu magazine local feature The eminently elegant qipao remains a dress to impress (8)

The quality of any cheongsam stems from just how well the sewing skills of the master tailor in question can harmoniously unite the body and dress. To this end, every measurement is strictly taken, before the fabric is meticulously cut and painstakingly sewn. In addition, every customers’ individual style and way of life are also factored in when working on the dress. For the master craftsman, no detail – no matter how minute – is overlooked, from the decorative motifs (such as the embroidery and the pankou buttons) to the choice of fabric (typically silk or lace).

Today, a custom-made cheongsam can cost anything between HK$3,000 to HK$20,000 on average depending on the details and take anywhere between three days and a week to be completed. Although nowhere near as widespread as they once were, there are still a number of cheongsam tailors in the city who have been in the industry since the style’s ’60s heyday. Many of these continue to use traditional techniques, while happily catering to both modern-day and more legacy tastes.
Why not check out the city’s leading cheongsam tailors, all of whom offer custom designs in both contemporary and classic styles…

Where to go:

Mei Wah
76 Queen’s Road West, Sheung Wan
A family business now in its third-generation and one of the last dedicated qipao tailors in Hong Kong, proprietor Kan Hong-wing is known to be meticulous when it come to measurements, while adhering to such traditional techniques as hand stitching / embroidery and the creation of his own floral-button designs.
Price: HK$4,000 – HK$20,000

Linva Tailor
38 Cochrane Street, Central
Well-known for custom-making some of the most stunning dresses for those in the mood for love, cheongsam tailor Leung Ching-wah has been dazzling clients with a versatile display of colours, patterns and custom designs since 1965.
Price: HK$2,000 – HK$6,000

Blanc de Chine
Shop 122-123, 1/F, Landmark, Prince’s Building, Central
The high-end fashion label is a designer of contemporary cheongsams with a western finesse, which have often been worn by celebrities, including Anita Mui, Michelle Yeoh, Loletta Chu and Karen Mok.
Price: HK$7,000 – HK$30,000

Classics Anew
This womenswear label is acclaimed for its contemporary flair and combination of traditional Chinese aesthetics and organic fabrics, such as cotton, linen, denim and silk, when it comes to reimagining cheongsams in a more sustainable style.
Price: HK$ 2,500 – HK$ 6, 800

Six beautifully unique temples to visit in Hong Kong

Hong Kong is internationally acclaimed for its skyscrapers and bustling city life, however, it is also home to distinguishable centuries-old Chinese temples and monasteries that are heavily trafficked by the city’s seven million residents and passing tourists. Not only do these temples hold religious values but they are also beautifully structured.  Whether or not you are an avid believer in the many Chinese gods that these temples are dedicated to, these scenic and tranquil grounds are still worth visiting for a respite from the city’s notoriously hectic lifestyle. Here are six unique and beautiful temples to visit:

gafencu magazine Hong Kong's unique and beautiful Chinese temples wong tai sin sik sik yuen temple
Image from @beckyexploring via Instagram

Wong Tai Sin Temple
Sik Sik Yuen Wong Tai Sin Temple, or to many, simply Wong Tai Sin Temple is one of the most famous, and perhaps luckiest, tourist attractions in the city. It is an important religious centre dedicated to the Taoist deity Wong Tai Sin, who is said to have divine healing powers. It is believed that whatever worshippers request within the temple will come true. Featuring traditional structures of red pillars, gold roofs, intricate yellow latticework and multi-coloured carvings, it offers a picturesque view at any angle and change of scenery from city’s concrete jungle.


gafencu magazine Hong Kong's unique and beautiful Chinese temples Chi Lin Nunnery nan lian garden

Chi Lin Nunnery
Just a stone throw’s away from the high-rise residential buildings and busy highways of Diamond Hill is the serene Chi Lin Nunnery. It is one of the largest Buddhist temples in the city and the largest handmade wooden building in the world. It was established in 1934 and is impressively structured in an interlocking system that eschews the use of nails. The complex houses 16 halls that not only comprises different statues of Buddha but also houses a school, library, dentist and multiple residences for the elderly. Adjacent to the temple, the Tang style Nan Lian Garden offers tranquillity from the hustle and bustle of city life.

gafencu magazine Hong Kong's unique and beautiful Chinese temples man mo temple

Man Mo Temple
Dedicated to the God of Literature and War, Man Mo, this place of worship is the largest Man Mo temple in the city, stretching three blocks along the route of the Central and Western heritage trail. Built between 1847 and 1862, it had undergone numerous renovations and is categorised as a Grade I Historic Building and officially declared a sacred monument in 2010. Perhaps familiar to Instagram surfers, this temple was made ‘social media-famous’ for its large over-hanging incense coils that create a vibrant and Zen-like mood for visitors and worshippers of this sanctum.

gafencu magazine Hong Kong's unique and beautiful Chinese temples tsz shan monastery

Tsz Shan Monastery
This Buddhist monastery located in the rural hillside village of Tung Tsz in Tai Po spans 500,000sq.ft wide. Towering over the temple, is a statue of the Goddess of Mercy, Guanyin — the world’s second tallest bronze statue of the deity. She is said to be a divine being of sympathy, compassion and mercy and it is believed that worshippers within her temple, especially those who are suffering or seeking refuge would be protected and kept safe. Those seeking a beautiful and quiet space to escape to can find calm here. Especially since an advanced online booking is required as a means to control and prevent over-crowding.

gafencu magazine Hong Kong's unique and beautiful Chinese temples po lin monastry

Po Lin Monastery
Atop the scenic Nong Ping plateau on Lantau Island is the Po Lin Monastery founded in 1906 by three monks which are attributed in bronze statue within the main house of the temple. They supposedly symbolise the present, past and future of Buddha. It is a significant sanctuary for Buddhist pilgrims and is of walking distance from the Chi Chuk Lam nunnery dedicated to the Goddess of Mercy, Guanyin and the spiritual paved Wisdom Path. It also stands just opposite of the iconic Tian Tian Buddha, also known as the Big Buddha, where climbing the 268 step pedestal will treat you to a breathtaking view of Lantau Island and the South China Sea.

gafencu magazine Hong Kong's unique and beautiful Chinese temples tin hau temple

Tin Hau Temple
There are over 100 temples in Hong Kong dedicated to the Goddess of the Sea, Tin Hau. The oldest and largest in the city is located in Sai Kung. Built in 1266 and categorised as a Grade I Historic Building, it is considered the most sacred Tin Hau Temple. Fishermen and those who live by the sea are frequent worshippers at this ground — praying for protection and safety. The centuries-old sanctum is also a sea-facing landmark that offers a sweeping panoramic view of Joss House Bay.